Legal Implications of Cyber Bullying Crimes : A Comparative Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62951/ijlcj.v2i2.561Keywords:
cyber bullying, criminal law, legal comparison, cybercrime, victim protectionAbstract
Cyber bullying or bullying carried out online or cyberspace has become a serious and worrying issue in today's digital era, with a wide impact on victims and perpetrators. This phenomenon not only causes psychological and social disturbances for victims, but also poses serious challenges in law enforcement. This study aims to analyze and compare the legal implications of cyber bullying in several jurisdictions, especially Indonesia, the United Kingdom, the United States, and South Korea. Through a normative juridical approach and comparative or comparative legal methods, this study analyzes the regulatory framework applicable in each country, including legal definitions, criminal sanctions, and legal protection for victims. The results of the study show that there are significant differences in the handling of cyber bullying laws between countries, both in terms of the formulation of legal norms and enforcement mechanisms. This study concludes that the harmonization of cyber law policies internationally is an urgent need to create more effective and comprehensive protection for victims of digital violence, especially among adolescents and children.
Downloads
References
Aiman El, A., & Samara, M. (2016). Cyberbullying and the Law: A Review of Psychological and Legal Challenges. Computer in Human Behaviour, Vol. 65. 127-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.08.012
Aradhana, A. A. A., & Pangaribuan, C. S. (2022). Cyberbullying in Media Social: A Mainstreaming the Victim Protection Principles in Indonesian Criminal Justice System. Indonesia Media Law Review, 1(2). 2829-7628.
Clara, F., Soponyono, E., & Astuti, AM, E, S., (2016). Criminal Law Policy in an Effort to Overcome Cyberbullying in an Effort to Reform the Criminal Law. Diponegoro Law Journal, Vol. 5 No. 3.
Cheng, L., Hu, X., Matulewska, A. E., & Wagner, A. (2020). Exploring Cyberbullying: a Socio-Semiotic Perspective. International Journal of Legal Discourse, 5(2).
Chung, Y. (2021). Cyberbullying Regulation and Social Media Control in South Korea. Asian Journal of Comparative Law, 16(2), 321–340.
Citron, D. K. (2014). Hate Crimes in Cyberspace. Harvard University Press.
Citron, D. K., & Franks, M. A. (2019). The Internet as a Speech Machine and a Weapon. Fordham Law Review, 87(1), 231–260.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Friedman, L. M. (2001). The Legal System: A Social Science Perspective. Russell Sage Foundation.
Hinduja, S., & Patchin, J. W. (2015). Bullying Beyond the Schoolyard: Preventing and Responding to Cyberbullying (2nd ed.). Corwin Press.
Kominfo. (2023). National Cybersecurity Annual Report 2023. Ministry of Communication and Information of the Republic of Indonesia.
Kowalski, R. M., Giumetti, G. W., Schroeder, A. N., & Lattanner, M. R. (2014). Bullying in the digital age: A critical review and meta-analysis of cyberbullying research among youth. Psychological Bulletin, 140(4), 1073–1137.
Laena, M., & Riswadi. (2022). Legal Protection for Child Victims of Cyber Bullying, Proceeding of the 2nd International Conference on Law, Social Science, Economics, and Education, ICLSSEE, DOI 10.4108/eai.16-4-2022.2319752
Livingstone, S., & Smith, P. K. (2014). Annual Research Review: Harms experienced by child users of online and mobile technologies. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55(6), 635–654.
Wijaya, J. N., Johardi A., & Pratiwi. S. (2024). Criminal Liability Perpetrator Bullying Through Social Media. Journal Of Indonesia Law & Policy Review, 6(1), 2715-498X
Patchin, J. W., & Hinduja, S. (2018). Cyberbullying: Review of an old problem gone viral. Journal of Adolescent Health, 63(4), 1–6.
Slonje, R., & Smith, P. K. (2008). Cyberbullying: Another main type of bullying?. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 49(2), 147–154.
Sugiyono. (2017). Quantitative, Qualitative, and R&D Research Methods. Bandung: Alfabeta.
UK Parliament. (2023). Online Safety Act 2023. Retrieved from https://www.parliament.uk
[ Law Number 1 of 2024 The second amendment to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions.
UNICEF. (2021). Cyberbullying: What is it and how to stop it. Retrieved from https://www.unicef.org/end-violence/how-to-stop-cyberbullying
UNODC. (2022). The Global Threat of Cybercrime: A Report on Current Challenges. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
Wahid, A., & Labib, M., (2004). Cyber Crime. Bandung: Refika Aditama.
Wall, D. S. (2007). Cybercrime: The Transformation of Crime in the Information Age. Polity Press.
Wall, D. S., & Williams, M. L. (2007). Policing cybercrime: Networked and social control. Policing and Society, 17(3), 305–323.
Willard, N. (2007). Cyberbullying and Cyberthreats: Responding to the Challenge of Online Social Aggression, Threats, and Distress. Research Press.
Zweigert, K., & Kötz, H. (1998). An Introduction to Comparative Law (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.